Latin Texts & Translations

Gypsum ^[Note] has a close affinity with limestone, and there are numerous varieties of it. One kind is prepared from a calcined ^[Note] stone, as in Syria, and at Thurii, for example. In Cyprus and at Perrhæbia, ^[Note] gypsum is dug out of the earth, and at Tymphæ ^[Note] it is found just below the level of the soil. The stone that is calcined for this purpose, ought to be very similar to alabastrites, ^[Note] or else of a grain like that of marble. In Syria, they select the hardest stones for the purpose, and calcine them with cow-dung, to accelerate the process. Experience has proved, however, that the best plaster of all is that prepared from specular-stone, ^[Note] or any other stone that is similarly laminated. Gypsum, when moistened, must be used immediately, as it hardens with the greatest rapidity; it admits, however, of being triturated over again, and so reduced to powder. It is very useful for pargetting, and has a pleasing effect when used for ornamental figures and wreaths in buildings.

There is one remarkable fact connected with this substance; Caius Proculeius, ^[Note] an intimate friend of the Emperor Augustus, suffering from violent pains in the stomach, swallowed gypsum, and so put an end to his existence. ^[Note]